Leadership styles and its usage in organizations

Introduction

A leadership style is a leader's way of directing, making plans, and motivating people. There are several leadership styles in the world which have important impact on organizational success.

Leadership styles in China

Transformational and paternalistic leaderships are two ruling leadership styles in Chinese management (Sheer, 2010). Traditional Chinese values focus in family, relationships, achievement, and sacrifice.  Chinese culture has a major impact on their leadership styles. Through in-depth interviews with 72 owners and managers, a distinct brand of economic culture labeled as Chinese capitalism, This is also a proof that paternalism is a key element (Bor-Shjuan & et al, 2017). The Chinese ancient culture of thinking out-of-the-box, creating & inventing required for innovation, has the highest contribution to the advancement of human progress (Antony Federico Muraro, 2018). It is an attribute of paternalistic leadership. Transformational leader increases follower awareness and understanding of moral value and encourages followers to exceed their own personal goals and interest for the collective good. Transformational leadership having positive impact on interpersonal relationships, managerial effectiveness and other organizational outcomes in Chinese organizational success (Antony Federico Muraro, 2018). So it is appreciated contemporary leadership approach for effective management possibly in both individualistic and collectivistic cultures in China (Bass, 1997). But other leadership styles also can be seen across the country.

 Alibaba

Alibaba Group Holding Limited is a Chinese multinational technology Company in the world with specializing in e-commerce, retail, Internet, and technology. Jack Ma has implemented and improved their management system in many different styles in order to challenge different companies in the world. Autocratic management is applied by Jack Ma to make employees more responsive due to the nature of the works in the industries. By identifying its limitation in freedom of the employees when it comes to giving ideas or making decisions. Jack Ma has changed his style into conductive style of management. This has strongly built loyalty as well as motivation the employees. Later the style that most probably used by Jack Ma throughout his career for company success.

Application of leadership style in an ABC Audit Firm

The nature of business is providing financial audit and being a mediating between Tax payer and Inland revenue department. The firm dealing with Tax payers' sensitive data. As a precaution there is a need of leadership styles in protect sensitive data and to avoid the gap between the working status and the aim. As well as to guide low level of employees. To prevent misunderstanding and to secure confidential data extreme measures should be taken as an Autocratic leader. Discussing with client without knowledge of management and sharing details within and outside the premises is prohibited which is one of them. To ensure the contribution by staff to office work such as attending office at time, finishing a work at given time bar the attributes of autocratic leadership practiced.  Checking the daily attendance register and if some one continues to come late necessary inquiring will be conducted, not appointing staffs to the company for those who are too far from office to prevent late comers, monitoring the daily working record book and if there pending work for a long time conducting necessary inquiries with the aim of completing are some of them.

30^th of November in every year is the last date to submit financial report along with supporting document by the Tax payer to Inland Revenue Department.  There may be a need of working extra hours to finish the work prior to dead line. Here transformational leadership style practiced by discussing with staffs their problem in transportation in reaching home after working extra hours. Specially paying those days on over time based and to motivate offering additional benefits.

Younger generations are capable of handling technological matters rather than Senior staffs. The company welcomes younger generation in engaging and getting feed back as a transformational leader and also to providing training program for those who are lack in updates.

For the first time with no experience to take place as a leader in an organization when the owner went abroad is the best option to choose democratic leadership. To discuss and take decision.

Conclusion

It is essential to choose one or combination of leadership styles according to the situation towards an organizational goals by the leader or management.

    

Reference

Antony Federico Muraro, H. M. (2018). Re-Branding of China and Chinese Transformational Leadership to overcome the Cultural Distance Challenge of Chinese Companies. January.

Bass, B. M. (1997). Does the transactional-transformational leadership paradigm transcend organizational and national boundaries ? American Psychologist .

Bor-Shjuan, & et al. (2017). Paternalistic Leadership and Subordinate Response: Establishing a Leadership Model in Chinese Organizations. Asian Journal of Psychology , August.

Sheer, V. C. (2010). Transformational and Paternalistic Leadership in Chinese Organizations: Construct, Predictive and Ecological Validities compared in Hong Kong Sample. Intercultural Communication Studies XIX , 140.